Security Issues of Ambient Networks Essay -- Ambient Network Security,

In this essay we will present security issues of a networking concept referred to as ambient networks, which aims to enable the cooperation of heterogeneous networks belonging to different operator or technology domains. In this way, it appears as homogeneous to the users of the network services. Providing security in ambient networks is a huge challenge. The main reason is that the traditional security model is not valid anymore. Traditional security assumes that there is a vulnerable channel between communicating parties, where eavesdropping, modification of messages or denial of service attacks can occur. But it also assumes that the sender and receiver operate in some form of secure environment. Hence all models of attacks focus on the channel. Due to the distributed nature of ambient networks, the attack can be anywhere on the communication channels and on the devices. The attacker has the advantage that he can choose the easiest entry. I. INTRODUCTION Ambient network is the future network which refers to environment where we can communicate with anyone anywhere anytime. The current most emerging area of Ambient network is Ambient Intelligence. Ambient Intelligence is a distributed network of intelligent devices that provides us with information, communication and entertainment.† â€Å"Ambient Intelligence is a network of hidden intelligent interfaces that recognize our presence and mould our environment to our immediate needs.† â€Å"Ambient Intelligence refers to an exciting new paradigm in information technology, in which people are empowered through a digital environment that is aware of their presence and context and is sensitive, adaptive and responsive to their needs, habits, gestures and emotions.† Ambient Intell... ...ure†, 2009 IEEE. [4] Gy ¨orgy K ´alm ´an, Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury, Josef Noll â€Å"Security for Ambient Wireless Services† 2007 IEEE. [5] Antonio MuËÅ"noz Antonio MaËÅ"na Daniel Serrano â€Å"AVISPA in the validation of Ambient Intelligence Scenarios†, 2009† [6] Hasan Akram, Mario Hoffmann â€Å"Supports for Identity Management in Ambient Environments The Hydra Approach -† 2008, IEEE. [7] Nicolai Kuntze, Julian Schà ¼tte. â€Å"Securing Decentralized Workflows in Ambient Environments†, 2008 IEEE. [8] Mario Schnabel â€Å"Privacy-enhanced Personalisation in Ambient Environments† 2008 IEEE. [9] Hoffmann, Seppo Heikkinen, Gemt Hornung, Henrik Thuvesson, Christoph loannis Maghiros, Yves Punie, Sabine Delaitre† Safeguards in a World of Ambient Intelligence† April 15,2010 [10] Daniel Serrano1, Antonio Maà ±a1, Athanasios-Dimitrios Sotirious2† Towards Precise Security Patterns† 2008.

“Growing Old” †a Poem by Matthew Arnold Essay

What is it to grow old? Is it to lose the glory of the form, The lustre of the eye? Is it for beauty to forego her wreath? Yes, but not for this alone. Is it to feel our strength Not our bloom only, but our strength decay? Is it to feel each limb Grow stiffer, every function less exact, Each nerve more weakly strung? Yes, this, and more! but not, Ah, ’tis not what in youth we dreamed ‘twould be! ‘Tis not to have our life Mellowed and softened as with sunset-glow, A golden day’s decline! ‘Tis not to see the world As from a height, with rapt prophetic eyes, And heart profoundly stirred; And weep, and feel the fulness of the past, The years that are no more! It is to spend long days And not once feel that we were ever young. It is to add, immured In the hot prison of the present, month To month with weary pain. It is to suffer this, And feel but half, and feebly, what we feel: Deep in our hidden heart Festers the dull remembrance of a change, But no emotion none. It is last stage of all When we are frozen up within, and quite The phantom of ourselves, To hear the world applaud the hollow ghost Which blamed the living man. Harneet Banga When we are younger we often imagine how great it would be to be older. However, when we are older, we can no longer enjoy life the way we used to, due to our physical body. Therefore the poem â€Å"Growing Old† by Matthew Arnold, basically interprets, that we should enjoy the present time we are given in life rather than looking forward to a time we think we’ll enjoy. Matthew Arnold has described the elderly people and the meaning of the poem, right through the poem, with the help of poetic devices. The specific idea of imagery of this poem appears to be related directly to the passage on old age people. For example, â€Å"Grow stiffer, every function less exact,† this quote states that once you’re older, the body of an old age person becomes stiffer, and they function less exact, this quotes states imagery because they describe how an old person feels and how their brain functions as well. In each stanza, Arnold has answered the question he posed in the first stanza which is, â€Å"What is it to grow old?† in each stanza that question is answered. Since the theme of this poem is about Old people, there are many symbols in this poem that describe the theme of the poem, and we could use this poetic device which is symbolism. The words such as, â€Å"old, wreath, last stage, stiffer, strength decay, etc† are words in the poem that symbolises growing old, basically symbolising the meaning of the poem. Simile is when you compare two nouns, and Arnold has used this device to explain how it feels to be old, â€Å"As from a height, with rapt prophetic eyes,† the words used in this example, have no common interest with one another, but it still demonstrates the meaning of the poem. Harneet Banga A dictionary definition of the word elderly will probably has something to do with mature and aged people, but the connation to describe the word elderly in the poem are, â€Å"Is it to lose the glory of the form,† or â€Å"The lustre of the eye† this is the connation version of describing the meaning of the poem, which are old people. This fantastic poem is missing one thing which would probably make this poem sound much better, which is the rhyming of the poem, it always lets people get into the poem, but unfortunately this wasn’t used in the poem. Since this poem doesn’t have a rhyme scheme, the meter of this poem is irregular; it doesn’t follow the â€Å"da Dum da Dum da Dum da Dum† style, it has come up with another original and unique style for the readers to figure out the meaning of the poem. Alliteration wasn’t common in this poem, let’s say it was hardly used; alliteration is having the same letter in one line couple o f times, â€Å"And feel but half, and feebly, what we feel:† Arnold uses this line in an alliteration way to describe how old age people feel, they basically feel in an extremely pathetically way. There are much more poetic devices used in this poem, assonance has a great impact on the poems meaning. Assonance is a repetition of the sound of vowel throughout the stanza, and in the poem they have repeated a vowel throughout a line in a stanza. For example, â€Å"Not our bloom only, but our strength decay?† the vowel â€Å"O† is used throughout this line of the poem, creating assonance and a meaning to the poem. The word old is being repeated constantly all through the poem, Arnold doesn’t say old in every stanza, but he does use similar words to describe old, and answers the question which he asked in the beginning of the poem, which is â€Å"What is it to grow old?† Matthew Arnold has described the meaning of the poem through all these poetic devices, for example the imagery is used in the poem to give us an image of an elderly person and how they feel. All these poetic devices have contributed to the poem in an extremely well manner, and with these poetic devices, the meaning of the poem became clearer.

Nursing Management Philosophy - 2422 Words

Nursing Management Philosophy Paper Laura Lindsey NURS_435 Lake Superior State University My Philosophy When developing a nursing leadership philosophy I must first look at why I want to become a nurse leader and reflect my philosophy upon my decisions to become a nurse leader. There are many reasons I want to be a nurse leader, but I am going only look at a few of those reasons. I always think there is room for improvement in nursing. When I say nursing, I am talking about all four of constructs of nursing (person, environment, health, and nursing) of the meta-paradigm. I want to be a leader in nursing because as a nurse leader I have the ability to help others get better, physically, emotionally, and mentally.†¦show more content†¦Thus they are stuck at level four and will not be able to move forward. Health is related not only to physical illness but mental and spiritual illness as well. It can be the absence or present of an illness. Health is what the nursing construct identifies and improves. Nurse leaders help an individual with maintaining a well develop construct of themselves. The staff member must be willing to adapt to better their patient care. Roy (2010) â€Å"†¦ concept of health is related to the concept of adaptation and the idea that adaptive responses promote integrity,† (p.173). In the nursing meta-paradigm, I have nursing left to discuss. Nursing does not have to be necessarily a â€Å"nurse† helping a â€Å"patient.† Nursing is when any one person or group helps another individual get better.. The nurse is there to help the patient learn about their illness and educate them so they can make educated decisions about their own care. According to King (2010) the nurse’s goal is to recover health and to preserve individual’s health (p. 150). Nurses are the advocates for the patient; they must have respect for the patient, and keep the patient safe. Potter and Perry (2009) the ANA Code of Ethics for nursing states that the nurse is there to â€Å"†¦.. promote, advocate, and st rive to protect the health, safety and right of the patient,† (p.315). It is not the nurse’s job to judge the patient. The nurse is only there to assess and educate the patient. In the end the patient should gain enough educationShow MoreRelatedFort Collins Medical Center And The University Of Colorado Health At Poudre Valley Hospital969 Words   |  4 PagesPoudre Valley Hospital (UC Health at PVH) will be examined. To begin with, both organizations will be briefly described. Then a nursing philosophy will be introduced for each organization. Following the nursing philosophy, a compare and contrast of each organization’s philosophy will be illuminated. Finally, the summary will conclude with any additional thoughts on philosophy as it relates to the findings of the two organizations described. Initially BFMC was born with the merger of two nonprofit organizationsRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Innovation1290 Words   |  6 PagesNursing Innovation and Leadership: A Personal Philosophy To embrace the person that you are, in a time and place where everyone seems to be telling you that you should be everything but the person that you are, is a daunting but worthwhile challenge. I believe that it is in the acceptance of our true selves, imperfections and all, that we gain the ability to view others through a lens colored with compassion and acceptance. It is then that we can become a leader who is self-aware and emotionallyRead MoreDevelopment Of Professional Nursing For Registered Nurses1626 Words   |  7 PagesJourney to Professional Development in Nursing Beth Lewis South University Online December 15, 2015 â€Æ' Transition into Professional Nursing for Registered Nurses is a five week course dedicated to the research, examination and supposition of our journey in obtaining a Baccalaureate in Nursing; â€Å"Baccalaureate programs emphasize evidence-based clinical practice and leadership through coursework that includes research, statistics, population-based care, nursing management, and the humanities† (Haverkamp,Read MoreThe Philosophy Of Azure College A Nursing Institution1159 Words   |  5 PagesPractice Model Nursing career is one of the most respectful professions not only in the United States but also around the world. The remarkable aspect that makes nursing in such position is the evolution of the nursing theorists, the nursing theories, and the nursing philosophy. Among of these three, the nursing philosophy is the one that really identifies the nursing mission, and the fundamental evidence-based practice of nursing. In this case, many health organizations include nursing schools designRead MoreTransformational Leadership Theory As A Guide1088 Words   |  5 PagesTransformational Leadership Theory as a Guide. My leadership philosophy closely mirrors the transformational approach to leadership. Like the transformational theory suggests, I believe that true leadership inspires the team to rise above its individual components in order to reach a shared goal (Huber, 2014). Some of the individual components are areas that I have personal strength in such as: desire to learn and ability to get the job done (Rath Conchie, 2008). Additionally, some of the componentsRead MoreOrganization And Unit Mission : Vision And Values, And Shared Governance1441 Words   |  6 Pageswork. Then I will share the organization’s nursing mission and philosophy, and my individual nursing unit mission and philosophy, and my part in fulfilling the mission and philosophy. I will explain the connection between the nursing department, nursing unit, and the organization’s philosophy. Strategies that could strengthen the mission, vision and organizational structure of nursing will also be given. Lastly, I will describe the structure of the nursing department where I work, including how itRead MoreEffective Approaches in Leadership and Management (Benchmark Assessment)1362 Words   |  6 Pages451Nursing Management and Leadership Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management Nurses demonstrate the core values of professionally caring for others in two different prospects. Huber (2014), notes that â€Å"nurses have two basic roles: care providers and care coordinators† (p. 3). Most significantly nurses are valued in the setting of patient care, while the coordinator role revolves around management and organizing care, using thinking skills to coordinate complex activities. Nursing is multifacetedRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing949 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Philosophy of Nursing My inspiration to pursue a career in Nursing began at a young age, after reading the biography of Florence Nightingale. I was in middle school, and intrigued at her courage, and dedication to care for the sick. As I entered college, and into a formal nursing education program, I still viewed nursing as, the care provided to another in need. Without my knowing, I was developing a philosophy of nursing for myself. As the years passed, I began to realize that nursing encompassedRead MoreRole Of Nurse Leader And Nurse Manager1547 Words   |  7 PagesRole of Nurse Leader and Nurse Manager in Nursing Shortage and Turn-over During the recent years, the American Healthcare system is struggling with the issue of the nursing shortage and turnover. There are many rationales and reasons for this issue and the writer will discuss some of them in this paper. Nursing shortage and turnover remarkably influenced on the provision of the services by the health care provider, the financial burden on the healthcare facility and also a stressful working environmentRead MorePersonal Leadership And Philosophy Style1574 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Leadership and Philosophy Style Four years ago I wrote my first â€Å"Personal Philosophy of Leadership† paper. The personal leadership style I identified with, at that time, was the democratic style. I had chosen this style of leadership because of the teamwork, constructive criticism, motivation, good communication, dedication, and good attitude attributes of the democratic style. Four years later, being present time, I have learned and experienced a great deal more about leadership styles

Homeless in America Essay - 1088 Words

The problem of homelessness in America is growing dramatically. Its a problem that can strike anyone when you least expect it. Therefore you should address this as a major crisis that affects our society. I feel as Americans we should come together to create solutions to end a growing epidemic of homeless people. Statistics show people living in poverty are most at risk of becoming homeless. Economically they are at a higher risk of losing what little they already have. The number of homeless families with children has increased significannot ly over the past decade. They are among the fastest growing segments of the homeless population. They are approximently 40% of people who are homeless. In rural areas the largest group of†¦show more content†¦The elimination and cut backs of public mental hospitals resulted in the building of Community Mental Health Centers. The serious mentally ill who were supposed to benefit by these developments were replaced by people who were well off and thought they were sick. Making the problem worse the serious mentally ill were unable to re-enter hospitals because of tighter admissions standards ( Contemporary World Issues 1990). Without hospitalization or the ability to support themselves they were forced to the streets. Declining wages have put housing out of reach for many workers. In every state, more than minimum wage is needed to afford a one- or two-bedroom apartment. A minimum-wage worker would have to work 87 hours a week to afford a two-bedroom apartment (U.S Conference of Mayors 1998). Thus insufficient income leaves many people homeless. For families and individuals struggling to pay rent, a serious illness or disability can push them over the edge into homelessness. This might begin with a lost job, reduction of savings to pay for care, and eventual eviction. I feel in writing this essay we should all help the homeless to get back on their feet. They are in desperate need of a helping hand, to get through this. Other reasons for helping the homeless are, they are human beings as well as you and I, it reduces our taxes if there were no homeless, and some crime will be eliminated on the streets.Show MoreRelatedHomeless in America1684 Words   |  7 Pagesstreets of vast cities of United States. Less attention are shown to those who are homeless, people focus more on bigger issues when this is a major problem that has occurred for years. Statistics shows that 1.6 million youth run away from home each year between the ages of 12 and 17. The predominant race for runaways is White non-Hispanic (57%), Black non-Hispanic (17%), Hispanic (15%), and Other (11%) follow (Blaha). Homeless children most likely leave their original homes because of the way of life andRead MoreEssay on Homeless in America825 Words   |  4 Pagesissues nationally i s people who are becoming homeless and the fact that one third of the homeless population have served this country, which is around 195,000 veterans. Thats more than the death count of the Vietnam war. Most homeless people are male about three percent are women, most are single and come from disadvantaged backgrounds. Its a major issue, this is America there should not be thousands of people across this nation that are homeless especially our veterans. They gave their lifeRead MoreEssay on Homeless in America1648 Words   |  7 PagesHomeless in America Homelessness affects millions of Americans each year, with approximately one third of this population suffering from severe mental disorders. In Las Cruces we have a number of homeless people that have a mental disorder. Las Cruces does not provide the homeless mentally ill with sufficient services. it is necessary to provide them with support, protection, treatment, and rehabilitation. Although surveys have been conducted defending that mental illness does cause homelessnessRead MoreA Vulnerable Population: The Homeless in America919 Words   |  4 PagesA Vulnerable Population: The Homeless in America Introduction Homelessness in America should be a growing concern. When discussing the United States current economic crisis comparisons with the Great Depression are becoming more and more common. Tent cities or makeshift shelters in specified areas or just beyond city limits are becoming familiar sites across the country. Each of these cities contains dozens if not hundreds of families struggling to just survive (Maide, 2010). HomelessnessRead MoreAnalysis of the Homeless Family in America1728 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Homeless Family in America Introduction While homelessness may be an issue that is so far from the minds of the average American family, the truth remains that the current homelessness statistics in America suggest that the issue of homelessness is far more average than one could ever imagine. As of January 2012, The National Alliance to End Homelessness published a series of reports that listed the number of homeless Americans at 636,017 with a rate of homelessness at 21 homeless peopleRead MoreEssay on Homeless Women in America1099 Words   |  5 PagesHomeless Women in America   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today in the U.S. there is a large percentage of people that are homeless. There are so many questions when one sees a homeless person, for example why doesn’t he or she get a job and get out of the streets? People that make comments like the one just made probably doesn’t really know anyone that is homeless so they do no understand what they go through. In the book â€Å" Tell Me Who I Am,’’ Elliot Liebow tries to explain what the cost and gains are for women livingRead MoreHomeless Population in America Essay2680 Words   |  11 PagesOne of the most prominent social issues is that of the homeless population. According to Korge Furst, 24 percent of the homeless population are severely mentally ill, 20 percent are physically disabled, 19 percent are employed, 14 percent are victims of domestic violence, 14 percent are veterans, while 3 percent are HIV positive (Chp. 2.4, 2012). Although there are numerous programs and policies to er adicate homelessness, we still see that the numbers continue to rise. Essentially, social theoriesRead MoreThe Homeless Veterans Wandering On The Streets Of America1465 Words   |  6 Pagesabout the homeless veterans wandering in the streets of America. All around America there is numerous homeless veterans who seek for a better way of life. They crave for jobs, food, and shelter. All they want in life is to live the American Dream, a dream full of opportunity and wealth. In 2013, Veteran Affairs had an estimation of 610,042 homeless people recorded in the United States, and over 394,698 of those homeless people were living in shelter homes. This means that 215,344 homeless people wereRead MoreEssay about Homeless Children In America1111 Words   |  5 PagesHomeless Children in America   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To be homeless is to not have a home or a permanent place of residence. Nationwide, there is estimated to be 3.5 million people that are homeless, and roughly 1.35 million of them are children. It is shown that homeless rates, which are the number of sheltered beds in a city divided by the cities population, have tripled since the 1980’s (National Coalition for Homeless, 2014). Worldwide, it is estimated that 100 million children live and work on the streets.Read MoreWhat America Is Doing About the Homeless4088 Words   |  17 Pagesnot even have to be their fault. For this reason exactly is why Americans should consider this a major crisis today. The amount of people becoming homeless in America is constantly growing. Although some people can get out of being homeless pretty quickly, more and more people are becoming homeless every day, and the more people that become homeless, the more people crowd the streets we live on. There is many different views on where these people should live such as on the street or in permanent

Essay about Hero of the Ward Randle P. Mcmurphy - 1413 Words

â€Å"With great power comes great responsibility† was the advice given to an all-time favourite superhero, Spiderman. However, a hero is not defined by the power one has but what one does with the power they are given. Power can come in a variety of forms such as wealth, physical capabilities or mental strength, and two powerful characters usually results in an epic battle for ultimate authority where one is seen as a hero and the other a villain. â€Å"One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest† written by Ken Kesey, tells the story of the battle between two strong-willed characters within a mental asylum, Randle P. McMurphy and the Big Nurse Ratched. Randle P. Murphy is seen as a hero to many of the male patients on the ward and in particular to Chief†¦show more content†¦With McMurphy’s continuous outburst or rebellion, Nurse Ratched sentenced him to receive Electroshock Therapy, the second worse punishment patients would receive for misbehaviour. Determ ined to put on a strong exterior â€Å"he insisted it wasn’t hurting him. He wouldn’t even take his capsules. But every time that loudspeaker called him to forgo breakfast and prepare to walk to Building One, the muscles in his jaw went taunt and his whole face drained of colour, looking thin and scared-† (Kesey 241). Enduring the excruciating experience of Electroshock therapy only heightened the image the other men upheld for McMurphy and contributed to his heroism. Through the fight with the black boys and his fight to stay strong through Electroshock Therapy, McMurphy’s determination was evident to the other patients of the ward. Determination is a critical quality needed by a hero; however a hero must also make sacrifices to achieve greatness. McMurphy is seen as a hero through the sacrifices he makes. McMurphy sacrificed any chance he had of being released from the asylum; he sacrificed his freedom. With full awareness of him being committed to the ward, McMurphy realised the magnitude of dependence the other men had on McMurphy. The men constantly look to him for reassurance and wanted to be just as self confident and opinionated. When McMurphy struggled with the knowledge of beingShow MoreRelatedEssay about Ken Keseys One Flew Over The Cukoos Nest and the Movie2438 Words   |  10 Pageswritten by Ken Kesey, is overlooked by anyone who only saw the film. Ken Kesey wrote the novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, after experimenting with drugs and working on a psychiatric ward in 1960 and the novel was published in 1962. â€Å"Kesey became a night attendant on the Menlo Park Veterans Hospital ps ychiatric ward so that he could concentrate on his writing.† (Magill 1528) Kesey’s rebellious novel explores the world of mental patients struggling against authority and society through incredibleRead MoreThe Messianic Superego : Liberation Of Self Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pagesdisguising his personal manifesto as his novel reflective of mid-twentieth century American society, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. The protagonist, Randle McMurphy, purposely casts away his own desire of self-preservation to deliver liberating freedom to prisoners broken by institutionalized sanity. Kesey develops McMurphy’s character as a tragic hero by drawing inspiration from religious texts, especially the Bible. The changing attitudes resulting from McMurphy’s presence not only evinces, but parallels

Dalai Lama Free Essays

In the excerpt â€Å"Ethics and the New Genetics† The Dalai Lama, also known as Tenzin Gyatso, presents to use the new arising discovery that scientists made in genetic technologies and how advanced they are becoming. He discusses how scientists are talking about being able to change the genetic make-up in produce to help those who cannot or have the advantage of having food. Another thing he brings up is how the scientists also discovered two different types of cloning. We will write a custom essay sample on Dalai Lama or any similar topic only for you Order Now One type of cloning is therapeutic and the other is reproductive. In the Dalai Lama’s excerpt he stated that there is right time and place for when we should use these technological and genetic advances. But at the same time if we use these technological and genetic advances in the wrong way or at the wrong time it can end up being a long term consequence for our present and future society. As the Dalai Lama stated we should these technological and genetics advances only when it is to benefit people as human beings. An example he discussed was for when the talk of changing the gene factor in produce should only be used to help feed the world, not for solely making the discovery of changing the shelf life of apples or having wheat and other grains immune to pests when growing in the field. These types of genetic changes should only be used to benefit the human race. By actively manipulating the gene, we are on the cusp of forcing as unnaturally quick rate of change in animals and plants as well as our own species† ( Dalai Lama, 77) Only realizing that there are a morally right reasons to do that, at the same time it could be endangering the future as Dalai Lama stated and in a way that is what is not be considered. The Dalai Lama did say however though that cloning is okay if we are using it to save lives, but not for the purpose of trying to have the perfect child for you or anyone else. Therapeutic cloning is the type of cloning that is meant to make a perfect child, which is wrong in almost every way. Though it is a tragedy for those families that cannot have let’s say a normal child or even have a child it is still not morally right to go and technology work on another child to give that family a child of their own. Reproductive cloning is simply creating an identical copy of an already born child and that is normal in today’s society because a lot of people have twins. But it is not normal for a family that cannot have a child to go and make a copy of another child, though as the Dalai Lama stated it may be an identical body, but there will be two different consciousnesses and they will still die. Overall, technological and genetic advances should only be solely used for the benefit for the human beings and the human benefit, not for as Dalai Lama mentioned commercial benefits. How to cite Dalai Lama, Essay examples

Develops Vaccines Different Kind Diseases â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Develops Vaccines Different Kind Diseases? Answer: Introduction ABC Corporation Pvt. Ltd., based in Australia, is one of the top research companies in the world that develops vaccines to cure different kind of diseases, which are spreading on a massive scale. Recently, the corporation has developed a vaccine that can treat a deadly virus that is rapidly spreading in West Africa. The vaccine has been tested on infected chimpanzees, which has yielded positive results and the healthcare authorities of the country say that it will take 10 years for the corporation to test it on humans as the side effects of the vaccine on human body are not yet known. Luckily, an African health worker has volunteered to use the vaccine in order to cure thousands of west Africans who have been infected by the virus. This report has been prepared to use the 8-step decision making process and decide whether the health worker should be allowed to use the vaccine or not. Defining the problem The problem that the managers of ABC Corporation are currently facing is a major issue that the people working in such a field are bound to experience. On one hand, the managers are obviously desperate to begin human trials because of the vaccine is actually successful in curing the virus, they will be able to save millions of lives and will also be able to stop the virus from spreading or affecting the future generations. On the other hand, allowing the health worker to use the vaccine on humans, without having adequate knowledge about its side effects on the human body is an unethical decision and might invite legal troubles for the corporation. Further, the failure of the vaccine to work on humans or the possibility of dangerous side effects could make the situation even worse. As a result, the managers of the corporation are facing serious issue that has to be addressed as soon as possible. Decision criteria From the view point of the corporation, reaching a solution to the problem is definitely not easy. The corporation deals in the health industry and is required to follow an ethical approach in whatever decision it takes. Therefore, the solution to the present problem should definitely meet some ethical standards and the corporation should be able to justify its choice of solution. First of all, it is important that the solution taken by the managers of the corporation is ethical and should be in the interest of the general public. Secondly, the solution that the management of the corporation finds to the problem, should be in accordance with the legal bindings so that the corporation does not have to face legal threats at a later stage. Thirdly, the solution to the problem should ensure that the people involved in the research should not face further deterioration of their health because of the vaccine. Lastly, it is important that the corporation is able to justify its choice of solution on ethical grounds so that its reputation does not suffers. Weigh decision criteria To make the process of decision making simpler, the managers of the ABC Corporation can allocate a weightage score to different criteria that they think are involved or should be used to reach a s solution. In this particular case, we have already prepared a list of four criterions that are important to reach a solution. Therefore, their weightage (on a scale of 1-3, where 1 implied less important and 3 implies very important) is given below: CRITERIA WEIGHTAGE Ethicality 2 Legal adherence 3 Public health 3 Reputation 2 The two possible solutions to the problem, as of now is that the company offers the vaccine to the health worker and allow him to use it for treating the infected population or it rejects the proposal and waits until it has completed human trials. Identify alternatives As discussed above, finding a solution to the problem being faced by the corporation is not an easy task and the management will have to identify a number of alternative solutions to ensure that the best decision is made. Some alternatives to the solutions discussed above are discussed below: An alternative solution to the problem being faced by the corporation is that it can find volunteers, who have been infected by the virus and are ready to use the vaccine in order to find a potential cure to their infection. The corporation can follow all the legal proceedings and can make the volunteers sign a contract under which the corporation would not be held responsible for any side effects that are experienced due to the usage of the vaccine. Analysis of alternative The alternative solution to the problem being faced by the corporation can prove to be an effective solution that would help the management in dealing with the issues that it is currently facing. First of all, the alternate solution will help the corporation in avoiding a situation where it would have to wait for another 10 years for trying the vaccine on humans. Furthermore, if the vaccine proves to be successful on the humans as well, the corporation will be able to save millions of lives which would otherwise be lost in 10 years until the vaccine is tried on humans. Thirdly, allowing infected people to volunteer for the vaccine program will allow the corporation to avoid legal trouble, begin human trails immediately and also to perform a thorough research on the effects that the vaccine can have on the humans. Therefore, the alternative solution can help the company in dealing with most of the problems that it is currently facing (Crueltyfreeinternational, n.d.). Selection of an alternative The corporation is at a stage where it does not have much alternatives to choose from. The situation is critical and the lives of millions of infected people are at stake. If the company fails to find immediate alternatives, it would have to wait for a very long time to commence human trails for the vaccine and a lot of lives will be lost in that time gap. As a result, the best alternative solution that the corporation has right now is to look for volunteers who will be ready to try the vaccine and not blame the corporation for any side effects that occur as a result of the usage of the vaccine. Furthermore, as the health worker from Africa is ready to try the vaccine on some of the infected population, it would not be difficult for the corporation to look for volunteers. Therefore, this alternative solution will be the best solution to solve all the problems that the corporation is currently facing. Implementation of the alternative Implementation of the alternative solution would not be a difficult task for the corporation as it already has a health worker demanding the vaccine so that he can use it on the affected people. The company can sign a legal contract with the health worker that the vaccine would be used on the affected people in a controlled quantity and that the corporation would be allowed to carry out a research on the response shown by the body of those people who will be treated with the vaccine. Further, the company can also get it signed that they are using the vaccine according to their own wish and the corporation would not be held responsible for any side effects. Evaluation of the decision it would not be difficult for the corporation to start testing the vaccine on volunteers and the corporation will also be able to proceed with human trails without any legal troubles. Further, it is also possible that the vaccine actually works and is able to cure the infection, which will ultimately help the corporation in saving millions of lives. Conclusion ABC Corporation has definitely worker hard to come up with a cure to a disease that has been affecting millions of lives. Its efforts to save lives are now dependent on the management of the corporation to look for a solution to the ongoing problems. The management should look into the decision process discussed above and should implement an alternative solution, which will help it in dealing with most of its problems. References Goldmeier, J., 2015. Decision marketing Shouldn't be this Complex. [Online] Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/decision-making-shouldnt-complex-jordan-goldmeier[Accessed 22 September 2017]. Crueltyfreeinternational, n.d. Alternatives to animal testing. [Online] Available at: https://www.crueltyfreeinternational.org/why-we-do-it/alternatives-animal-testing[Accessed 22 September 2017]. NIAID, 2013. How To Volunteer for Vaccine Research Studies. [Online] Available at: https://www.niaid.nih.gov/clinical-trials/how-volunteer-vaccine-research-studies[Accessed 22 September 2017]. Walsh, F., 2013. Big rise in volunteers for medical trials. [Online] Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/health-22594635 [Accessed 22 September 2017].